Again, Red states have very large minority populations, often with high poverty rates within those populations. A lot of Federal assistance. Then there are all the military bases. You focused on Tennessee. Ever hear of Oak Ridge, TN? Huge amount of Federal spending there.
By the way California at one time was very Republican. Republican businessmen built that huge economy. Liberals moving in eventually had the numbers politically to take over and they wanted to share all that wealth. Whatever good intentions there were when that all started has turned California into what it is today and it's leading the nation in the most of its citizens leaving for better conditions elsewhere.