Phil Robertson is entitled to his opinions, he didn't call for violence or anything of the sort. Most likely some peon or executive knowing what he'd say because let's face it he doesn't hide his beliefs thought that getting him an interview with GQ would cause some controversy, but they didn't expect the response from the gay organizations and acted in a way they felt appropriate, but it's obvious the majority vocal opinion disagreed.
I don't think this is a 1st amendment issue because there's no government involvement, just 2 private entities. Is it bad PR, in my opinion, but it's not illegal. If A&E decides to stand firm with this, they're going to suffer from it. The only public outcry I've seen is from a minority and I'm hearing the boycott talk and movement is gaining huge grounds.