I refer you to this no so definitive but popular site:
Socialist state - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is an excerpt:
socialist government, which generally refers to a
liberal democratic state presided over by an elected
majority socialist party that is not, or does not necessarily have to be, pursuing the development of socialism; the state apparatus is not constitutionally bound to an eventual transition to socialism. Non-statist socialists such as
anarcho-socialists,
libertarian socialists and
Council communists reject the concept of a "socialist
state" altogether, believing that the modern state is a byproduct of capitalism and cannot be used, or is not required, to establish a socialist system.