After doing considerably more digging and research, thanks to you, it looks like you are correct about driving a non-DOT regulated vehicle, as you noted in the instance that you were part of. But I, and
@BigUnionGuy, was also correct, to an extent, that you cannot be a swing driver because UPS could not guarantee which vehicle that you may have to drive.
In
Jana L. Morton, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United Parcel Service, Inc., Defendant-appellee, 272 friend.3d 1249 (9th Cir. 2001), the court ruled that UPS did not have to create her a route under the Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. § § 12101-12213, because of possible seniority issues.
The collective bargaining agreement requires UPS to make any new full-time route available via the seniority-based bidding process. Thus, even though reasonable accommodation "may include . . . job restructuring . . . or modified work schedules," 42 U.S.C. § 12111(9) (B), under the seniority provisions of the collective bargaining agreement, UPS could not accommodate Morton by creating a new full-time fixed route specifically for her. Other employees would have the right to bid on any such newly created route, and more senior employees would presumably prevail over Morton because the route would, for the reasons outlined above, be regarded as a desirable one. See Willis v. Pacific Mar. Ass'n, 244 friend.3d 675, 679-80 (9th Cir. 2001).
This ruling went on to talk about being a swing driver and allowing her to be a swing driver, only because UPS had quite a few non-DOT regulated vehicles, not just one or two.
Or, in centers where swing drivers bid on open routes, this could also become a seniority issue, where the last route for this swing driver, very low seniority, to run does not have a non-DOT vehicle.
Nothing in the collective bargaining agreement, however, prevents UPS from accommodating Morton by hiring her as a swing driver and assuring that she is assigned to drive only non-DOT vehicles. The record establishes that the collective bargaining agreement does not limit UPS's authority with respect to assigning vehicles; it is only the allocation among drivers of the fixed geographic routes that is affected by the seniority provisions of the collective bargaining agreement. Compare id. at 679 (noting that plaintiffs "do not contend nor have they demonstrated that alternative accommodations may have been available outside the seniority provisions of the collective bargaining agreement."). For this reason, and because swing drivers in 1995 had no entitlement to choose among swing driving assignments according to seniority (and after 1997 have only a limited right to do so), any requirement that UPS accommodate Morton by structuring swing driving assignments to ensure that she could drive a non-DOT vehicle would not violate the collective bargaining agreement.
At the relevant time, UPS operated 254 fixed routes in the Phoenix area, of which approximately 5.5% (14 routes) were served by non-DOT vehicles. During this same time period, UPS employed approximately 313 package car drivers in the Phoenix area, of whom roughly 80% drove on fixed routes while 20% worked as swing drivers. According to the record, the routes that use the smaller vehicles are generally the more rural and residential routes, requiring more driving between deliveries and typically featuring smaller packages and fewer packages at each stop. The non-DOT vehicle routes are considered more desirable by drivers because of their location and lighter load and are thus generally held by the more senior drivers. Of the 96 drivers hired in Phoenix since February 1995, 30 have successfully bid on assigned routes, but none has successfully bid on one of the 14 routes delivered with non-DOT vehicles.
Although only 14 fixed routes were served by non-DOT vehicles during the relevant time period, UPS operated approximately 33 non-DOT vehicles in the Phoenix area. Some of those extra vehicles were maintained as backup vehicles for use when other vehicles were out for repairs. Others were used by swing drivers to handle "overflow " work, generated by the fluctuating day-to-day demand on certain routes. Further, there was evidence that routes and vehicles assigned to a particular route may be modified from day to day "to meet delivery needs."
This was 16 years ago. How many package cars UPS has now, and in which areas they have them, that are under 10,000 lbs, has probably dramatically affected an ADA accommodation.
The last package car under 10,000 lbs was purchased in 1990. By now, Most, if not all, of those are retired.
With very few exceptions, I do not believe that UPS has many, if not any, ADA accommodated package car drivers.
Now, air exception drivers. An ADA accommodation may be able to be made for an air driver, if there is a non-DOT regulated vehicle at the center or hub. There are only certain locations where this is even feasible.
As you noted, the only one you had was retired and the ADA accommodated driver could no longer drive off property.
So, again, you are correct, in that they may drive a non-DOT vehicle, but these are becoming scarce.
Being a swing driver is pretty much out, due to very few non-DOT vehicles left.
But a bid driver whose route uses a non-DOT vehicle, and can no longer get a medical card, can he stay on his route and continue working? According to the law, if he gets an ADA accommodation, looks like he can...until his package car gets red tagged and the replacement, whether temporary or permanent, is over 10,000 lb. Another can of worms.
But, I still am all for creating a FT inside position, including driving in the yard.