On this day, 25 July 1898 Puerto Rico invaded.
During the Spanish-American War, U.S. forces launch their invasion of Puerto Rico, the
108-mile-long, 40-mile-wide island that was one of Spain's two principal possessions
in the Caribbean.
With little resistance and only seven deaths, U.S. troops under General Nelson A. Miles
were able to secure the island by mid-August. After the signing of an armistice with
Spain, American troops raised the U.S. flag over the island, formalizing U.S. authority
over its one million inhabitants. In December, the Treaty of Paris was signed, ending
the Spanish-American War and officially approving the cession of Puerto Rico
to the United States.
In the first three decades of its rule, the U.S. government made efforts to Americanize
its new possession, including granting full U.S. citizenship to Puerto Ricans in 1917
and considering a measure that would make English the island's official language.
However, during the 1930s, a nationalist movement led by the Popular Democratic
Party won wide support across the island, and further U.S. assimilation was successfully
opposed. Beginning in 1948, Puerto Ricans could elect their own governor, and in
1952 the U.S. Congress approved a new Puerto Rican constitution that made the
island an autonomous U.S. commonwealth, with its citizens retaining
American citizenship.